Doubt regarding initializing a string

[The illusionist mirage]

Hello!

I want to declare a character array and then assign it a value. So how to do it without using library functions or loops?

Example:

If I declared this array:

char str[20];

how to I assign it this value?

"Hello World!"

Thanks

[Peter87]

Easiest is to initialize the array on the same line you define it.
char str[20] = "Hello World!";

Otherwise you will have to assign each and every character individually.

str[0] = 'H';
str[1] = 'e';
str[2] = 'l';
str[3] = 'l';
str[4] = 'o';
str[5] = ' ';
str[6] = 'W';
str[7] = 'o';
str[8] = 'r';
str[9] = 'l';
str[10] = 'd';
str[11] = '!';
str[12] = '\0'; // this marks the end of the string 

[vlad from moscow]

I would like to append that all elements of the array will be initialized.

str[0] = 'H';
str[1] = 'e';
str[2] = 'l';
str[3] = 'l';
str[4] = 'o';
str[5] = ' ';
str[6] = 'W';
str[7] = 'o';
str[8] = 'r';
str[9] = 'l';
str[10] = 'd';
str[11] = '!';
str[12] = '\0'; // this marks the end of the string 
str[13] = '\0';
str[14] = '\0';
str[15] = '\0';
str[16] = '\0';
str[17] = '\0';
str[18] = '\0';
str[19] = '\0';

[The illusionist mirage]

@Peter87

I already know both the methods you just mentioned. But I was asking it because I wanted to make a constructor in a class which would assign a default value to its char array members.

Here's my code:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

class person{
                char fname[20];
                char lname[20];
            public:
                void getFname();
                void getLname();
                person();
                person( char [] );
            };

void person::getFname()
{
    cout << "\nEnter first name: ";
    cin.get();
    gets(fname);
}

void person::getLname()
{
    cout << "\nEnter last name: ";
    cin.get();
    gets(lname);
}

person::person()
{
    fname = "First Name";  // here's the problem
}

int main()
{
    system( "cls" );
    return 0;
}

Thanks!

[cire]

#include <iostream>

void my_strcpy(char* dst, const char*src)
{
    if (!(*dst = *src))
        return ;
    my_strcpy(dst+1, src+1) ;
}

int main()
{
    char str[20] ;
    my_strcpy(str, "Hello world!\n") ;

    std::cout << str ;
}

[The illusionist mirage]

@cire

If you had read my question, I wanted to to initialize without using library functions, and I know strcpy could have done the job.

Thanks nevertheless

[Peter87]

@The illusionist mirage
cire didn't use a library function. He wrote his own function to copy strings.