Array function

closed account (SwqGNwbp)
I need to write a function that would get a copy of an array and go through it to see which of the below conditions is satisfied by that array. function prototype is this :

unsigned g( const unsigned a[], unsigned elements );

No I/O. g returns a code in the range [0, 8) according to the data in a:
0: elements < 2, so no element has a predecessor.
e.g. {}
e.g. {1234}
1: elements >= 2, and every element is < its predecessor.
e.g. {10, 9, 2}
2: elements >= 2, and all the elements are equal.
e.g. {8, 8, 8, 8}
3: at least one element is < its predecessor, at least one element is == its predecessor, but no element is > its predecessor.
e.g. {10, 10, 8, 8, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3}
4: elements >= 2, and every element is > its predecessor.
e.g. {2, 4, 8, 16}
5: at least one element is < its predecessor, at least one element is > its predecessor, but no element is == its predecessor.
e.g. {3, 2, 3, 4}
6: at least one element is == its predecessor, at least one element is > its predecessor, but no elements is < its predecessor.
e.g. {5, 5, 10, 20}
7: at least one element is < its predecessor, at least one element is == its predecessor, and at least one element is > its predecessor.
e.g. {5, 4, 5, 5}
If I haven’t made a mistake, you should be able to convince yourself that every array will fall into exactly one of these 8 categories. g’s job is to return the number of that category.
For instance, g( {5, 4, 5, 5} should return 7

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unsigned g( const unsigned a[], unsigned elements )
{
    if ( elements < 2 ) return ( 0 );

    enum { LT, EQ, GT };
    unsigned int count[3] = {};
    
    std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 1, a + 1, count,
                        []( unsigned int *p, unsigned int i ) { return ( ++p[i], p ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x < y ? LT : ( x == y ? EQ : GT ) ); } );

   if ( count[LT] == elements - 1 ) return ( 1 );
   else if ( count[EQ] == elements - 1 ) return ( 2 );
   else if ( count[LT] && count[EQ] && !count[GT] ) return ( 3 );
   else if ( count[LT] && count[EQ] && count[GT] ) return ( 7 );
   else throw ( die( "Unpredictable result." ) );


I'm getting compiler error in std::inner_product part. Any solution or substitution?
One thing that comes to my notice is that in the function inner_product, the parameter "accumulator" should be an int rather than an array (count).

EDIT: Also,
1. Your 2nd paramter should be a + elements - 2, otherwise 'a + 1' shall go beyond bounds.
2. I'm not sure if inner_product is the correct function to use for such an application. As per the reference on this website, the function accumulates to a single value rather than accumulating to an array's elements.
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/numeric/inner_product/?kw=inner_product
Last edited on
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
Thanks for points. Could you fix this function or any other method to write it?
Well for one, if you are not too much worried about time complexity, you can call the function thrice for each of LT, EQ and GT cases.

Something like,

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std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 2, a + 1, count[LT],
                        []( unsigned int x, unsigned int y ) { return ( x + y ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x < y ); } );
std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 2, a + 1, count[EQ],
                        []( unsigned int x, unsigned int y ) { return ( x + y ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x == y ); } );
std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 2, a + 1, count[GT],
                        []( unsigned int x, unsigned int y ) { return ( x + y ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x > y ); } );


Or you can manually iterate through the array and increment the count fields using a sequence of nested if else statements.
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
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unsigned g( const unsigned a[], unsigned elements )
{
    if ( elements < 2 ) return ( 0 );

    enum { LT, EQ, GT };
    unsigned int count[3] = {};
    
std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 2, a + 1, count[LT],
                        []( unsigned int x, unsigned int y ) { return ( x + y ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x < y ); } );
std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 2, a + 1, count[EQ],
                        []( unsigned int x, unsigned int y ) { return ( x + y ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x == y ); } );
std::inner_product ( a, a + elements - 2, a + 1, count[GT],
                        []( unsigned int x, unsigned int y ) { return ( x + y ); },
                        []( int x, int y ) { return ( x > y ); } );

   if ( count[LT] == elements - 1 ) return ( 1 );
   else if ( count[EQ] == elements - 1 ) return ( 2 );
   else if ( count[LT] && count[EQ] && !count[GT] ) return ( 3 );
   else if ( count[LT] && count[EQ] && count[GT] ) return ( 7 );
   else throw ( die( "Unpredictable result." ) );
}


This is compiler error:

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c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 11.0\vc\include\numeric(204): error C4996: 'std::_Inner_product2': Function call with parameters that may be unsafe - this call relies on the caller to check that the passed values are correct. To disable this warning, use -D_SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See documentation on how to use Visual C++ 'Checked Iterators'
1>          c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 11.0\vc\include\numeric(180) : see declaration of 'std::_Inner_product2'
1>          c:\users\behzad\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\hwex1\hwex1.cpp(167) : see reference to function template instantiation '_Ty std::inner_product<const unsigned int[],const unsigned int[],unsigned int,g::<lambda_496d58af4467a09d741271a93b561caa>,g::<lambda_f9f41d7fb7b9beb4d12bce88cc9a708c>>(_InIt1,_InIt1,_InIt2,_Ty,_Fn21,_Fn22)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ty=unsigned int,
1>              _InIt1=const unsigned int [],
1>              _InIt2=const unsigned int [],
1>              _Fn21=g::<lambda_496d58af4467a09d741271a93b561caa>,
1>              _Fn22=g::<lambda_f9f41d7fb7b9beb4d12bce88cc9a708c>
1>          ]
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
Seems to be a type conversion error:
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#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <functional>   // std::minus, std::divides
#include <numeric>      // std::inner_product

unsigned myaccumulator (unsigned x, unsigned y) {return x+y;}
unsigned myLessThan (unsigned x, unsigned y) {return x<y;}

int main () {
  unsigned init = 0;
  unsigned series1[] = {10,20,30};
  unsigned series2[] = {1,2,3};

  std::cout << "using default inner_product: ";
  std::cout << std::inner_product(series1,series1+3,series2,init);
  std::cout << '\n';


  std::cout << "using custom functions: ";
  std::cout << std::inner_product(series1,series1+2,series1 + 1,init,
                                  myaccumulator,myLessThan);
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}


Success	time: 0 memory: 3340 signal:0
using default inner_product: 140
using custom functions: 2


http://ideone.com/grH4rE


Also, please note that the function does not modify the value of init. It just gives the output of the accumulator as the return value.
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
Any idea how to write it without inner_product
Why don't you simply iterate over your array and update the LT, EQ and GT fields using a sequence of if else statements?
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for ( int i = 0; i < a.size() - 1; ++i ) {

  if ( a[i] > a[i+1] )
    count[GT]++;
  else   if ( a[i] == a[i+1] )
    count[EQ]++;
  else   if ( a[i] < a[i+1] )
    count[LT]++;

}
ben756 wrote:
Any idea how to write it without inner_product?

The reference documentation of std::inner_product, to which a link has already provided in an earlier comment, has a line:
The behavior of this function template is equivalent to

closed account (D80DSL3A)
If I may, it matters only if each condition occurs once, so no need to keep count.
I think this would do:
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bool LT=false, EQ=false, GT=false;
for ( int i = 0; i < a.size() - 1; ++i ) {
  if ( a[i+1] > a[i] ) // greater than predecessor    
    GT = true;  
  else if ( a[i+1] < a[i] )
    LT = true;
  else // only other possibility
    EQ = true;
}

Then, note how the return value depends on the values of LT, EQ and GT:
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unsigned retVal = 0;
if( LT ) retVal = 1;
if( EQ ) retVal += 2;
if( GT ) retVal += 4;


EDIT: swapped lines 1 and 2.
Last edited on
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
Why for every numbers it returns to 6?

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unsigned g( const unsigned a[], unsigned elements )
{
	    if ( elements < 2 ) return ( 0 );

    enum { LT, EQ, GT };
    unsigned int count[3] = {};
	for ( int i = 0; i < elements - 1; ++i ) {
		bool LT=false, EQ=false, GT=false;
		if ( a[i+1] > a[i] ) GT = true;    
		else if ( a[i+1] < a[i] ) LT = true;
		else EQ = true;
}

unsigned retVal = 0;
if( LT ) retVal = 1;
if( EQ ) retVal += 2;
if( GT ) retVal += 4;
}
closed account (D80DSL3A)
Oops! bool LT=false, EQ=false, GT=false; belongs outside (before) the for loop. My bad. I have corrected it above.

You're getting 6 with your code because the LT, EQ and GT in scope at line 15 on are those declared on line 5, which have the values 0,1 and 2 respectively. Lines 16 and 17 give a total of 6 for retVal.
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
in a.size() there is a compiler error"Expression must have class type"
You did copy a code snipped, where 'a' is of container type that has member size(), and used it in context, where 'a' is a plain array. In your system, you have "elements" instead.
Last edited on
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
This is my function:

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unsigned g( const unsigned a[], unsigned elements )
{
bool LT=false, EQ=false, GT=false;
for ( unsigned i = 0; i < elements - 1; ++i ) {
  if ( a[i+1] > a[i] )   
    GT = true;  
  else if ( a[i+1] < a[i] )
    LT = true;
  else
    EQ = true;
}

unsigned retVal = 0;
if( LT ) retVal = 1;
if( EQ ) retVal += 2;
if( GT ) retVal += 4;

return retVal;
}



and I called it in main by foe example:

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    unsigned qa[] = {1,1,1,1} ;
	g (qa, 4); 


but output for this function is nothing??
closed account (D80DSL3A)
Try std::cout << g(qa, 4);. You must be tired.
closed account (SwqGNwbp)
Finally!! Thanks,
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