C++ versus BASIC

I've been following the excellent series of tutorials by Bucky Roberts and have now reached tutorial 36 (MD Array). I used to write in Basic a lo-o-ong time ago (late 1980s) and had become skillful enough to write a few BASIC programs for the Dragon computer (a couple of text adventures) and the Atari ST (a Wordsearch creator).
Okay. Now you know my background in programming. While watching Bucky's tutorials I couldn't help thinking that most of it seemed very familiar; things like variables, arrays, if-the-else loops and so on. The only problem was this; I understood BASIC. It was intuitive and the language was very close to English. But C++ uses terms that, to me, are not intuitive. Since both BASIC and C++ can be compiled to create, I assume, Machine language, what advantage does C++ compiled code have over Basic compiled code?
And secondly, is there a (modern) BASIC compiler that will produce efficient machine language programs?
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