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Code Improvement

MKKUER (1)
I've crafted myself a single - player Battleship game, but I need ways to improve it. So it's both more readable, manageable, and efficient. This codes display to the player, in which he get's to see. It also tells you if you hit a ship, and what type of ships, while putting a marker over the place you hit on the bored. So in what ways can I improve the code?

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  #include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Arrays {
public:
	int Display[10][10] = {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}};

	int Actulal[10][10] = {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0},
						   {2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0},
						   {2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0},
						   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
						   {3, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}};
} P;

class Status {
public:
	int x;
	int y;
	int hits;
	int Hits = 0;

} A;

int main() {
	cout << "Game begins: \n";
	cout << "4 means miss, 8 means hit \n";

	do {
		for (int x = 0; x < 10; x++) {
			for (int y = 0; y < 10; y++) {
				cout << P.Display[y][x] << " , ";
			}
			cout << endl;
		}
		cout << "Enter the collum number" << endl;
		cin >> A.x;
		cout << "Enter the row number" << endl;
		cin >> A.y;

		switch (P.Actulal[A.y][A.x]) {
		case 1:
			cout << "You hit a Destroyer!" << endl;
			P.Display[A.x][A.y] = 8;
			P.Actulal[A.x][A.y] = 6;
			A.Hits = A.Hits + 1;
			break;

		case 2:
			cout << "You hit a Submarine!" << endl;
			P.Display[A.x][A.y] = 8;
			P.Actulal[A.x][A.y] = 6;
			A.Hits = A.Hits + 1;
			break;

		case 3:
			cout << "You hit a Cruiser!" << endl;
			P.Display[A.x][A.y] = 8;
			P.Actulal[A.x][A.y] = 6;
			A.Hits = A.Hits + 1;
			break;

		case 4:
			cout << "You hit a Battleship!" << endl;
			P.Display[A.x][A.y] = 8;
			P.Actulal[A.x][A.y] = 6;
			A.Hits = A.Hits + 1;
			break;

		case 5:
			cout << "You hit a Carrier!" << endl;
			P.Display[A.x][A.y] = 8;
			P.Actulal[A.x][A.y] = 6;
			A.Hits = A.Hits + 1;
			break;

		case 6:
			cout << "You already hit there \n";
			break;
		default:
			cout << "You missed \n";
			P.Display[A.x][A.y] = 4;
			P.Actulal[A.x][A.y] = 6;
		};
	} while (A.Hits != 17);
	cout << "Game Over!";
}
Last edited on
nicholasclevelandx (4)
For initializing your 2D Display array:
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int Display[10][10];
for(int index = 0; index < 10; index++)
{
  for (int index2 = 0; index2 < 10; index2++)
  {
  Display[index][index2] = 0;
  }
}
closed account (SECMoG1T)
using classes: 3 files {game.h, game.cpp, main.cpp}

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///game.h
#ifndef _GAME_H
#define _GAME_H


#include <list>
#include <ctime>
#include <random>
#include <iostream>


class Vessel ///Vessel object
{
public:
    Vessel(int row = 0, int col = 0, char typ = ' ', bool status = false);
    void setHit();
    void setRowNCol(int row,int col);
    void setType(char type);
    bool isHit() const;
    char getType() const;
    friend bool operator ==(const Vessel& lhs,const Vessel& rhs);
    friend bool operator !=(const Vessel& lhs,const Vessel& rhs);
private:
    int   _Row;    ///x coordinate
    int   _Col;    ///y coordinate
    char  _Type;   /// B = Battleship, C = Cruiser; D = Destroyer; S = Submarine; E = Carrier; * = empty
    bool  _Status; /// hit = true, else false
};

class GameBoard
{
public:
    static Vessel NullVessel;///
public:
    GameBoard(const int maxsize = 10);
    void boardDraw();
    Vessel& VesselInMap(const Vessel&);///return a reference to a Vessel object if present

private:
    int  randomNumbers(int lowest,int highest);      ///for generating random numbers
    void boardInit();          ///initialize my board i.e my ships and their locations

protected:
    const int        _MaxSize; ///max board size
    std::list<Vessel> _Map;     ///store Vessel  only
};

class Game : public GameBoard
{
public:
    Game(const int& maxboardsize = 10);
    void run();

private:
    int getInput(const int& lower = 0, const int& upper = (9), const char* mssg = "enter you value: ");
    bool won();
    char proceed();
    void printHit(char type);
};

#endif // _GAME_H

///main.cpp
#include "game.h"

int main()
{
    Game myGame;

    myGame.run();
}

///game.cpp
#include "game.h"

/********************************class Vessel definition///***********************/
Vessel::Vessel(int row, int col, char typ, bool status )
    :_Row(row), _Col(col), _Type(typ), _Status(status) {}

void Vessel::setHit()
{
    _Status = true;
}

void Vessel::setRowNCol(int row,int col)
{
    _Row = row;
    _Col = col;
}

void Vessel::setType(char type)
{
    _Type = type;
}

bool Vessel::isHit() const
{
    return _Status;
}

char Vessel::getType() const
{
    return _Type;
}

bool operator ==(const Vessel& lhs,const Vessel& rhs)
{
    return (lhs._Row == rhs._Row && lhs._Col == rhs._Col);
}

bool operator !=(const Vessel& lhs,const Vessel& rhs)
{
    return !(lhs == rhs);
}

/*********************class GameBoard ************************************/
Vessel GameBoard::NullVessel = Vessel(-1,-1);

GameBoard::GameBoard(const int maxsize )
    :_MaxSize(maxsize), _Map( {})
{
    boardInit();
}

void GameBoard::boardDraw()
{
    std::cout<<"\n\n";
    std::cout<<"     1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    10";
    std::cout<<"\n   -------------------------------------------------\n";
    for(int row = 0; row < _MaxSize; row++)
    {
        std::cout<<row+1;
        if((row+1) == 10)
            std::cout<< "|";
        else
            std::cout<<" |";

        for(int col = 0; col < _MaxSize; col++)
        {
            Vessel _temp(row,col);

            const auto _pos = VesselInMap(_temp);

            if(_pos != NullVessel && _pos.isHit())
                std::cout<<"  "<<_pos.getType()<<" ";

            else
                std::cout<<"  * ";

            if(col != _MaxSize -1)
                std::cout<<" ";
        }
        std::cout<<"|\n";
    }
    std::cout<<"   -------------------------------------------------\n\n";
}

Vessel& GameBoard::VesselInMap(const Vessel& _pos)
{
    for(Vessel& _posref : _Map)
    {
        if(_posref == _pos)
            return _posref;
    }

    return NullVessel;
}

int  GameBoard::randomNumbers(int lowest, int highest)
{
    static std::mt19937  _Mt(std::time(nullptr)); ///you can also use srand and rand in cstdlib
    static std::uniform_int_distribution<int> _intDist(lowest,highest);

    return _intDist(_Mt);
}

void GameBoard::boardInit()
{
    ///i create 20 random ships, 4 for every type
    char shipType [5] {'B','C','D','E','S'};

    for(auto _type : shipType)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        {
            int row = randomNumbers(0,_MaxSize-1);
            int col = randomNumbers(0,_MaxSize-1);
            Vessel     _shipPos(row,col);

            while(VesselInMap(_shipPos)!= NullVessel)///position not occupied
            {
                _shipPos.setRowNCol(randomNumbers(0,_MaxSize-1),randomNumbers(0,_MaxSize-1));
            }

            _shipPos.setType(_type);
            _Map.push_back(_shipPos);
        }
    }
}

/******************************Game class *****************************************/
Game::Game(const int& maxboardsize)
    :GameBoard(maxboardsize) {}

int Game::getInput(const int& lower, const int& upper, const char* mssg)
{
    int value{};
    std::cout<<"\n"<<mssg<<": ";
    std::cin>>value;

    while((value < lower || value > upper) ||(!std::cin))
    {
        if(!std::cin)
        {
           std::cin.clear();
           std::cin.ignore(1000,'\n');
        }
        std::cout<<"\n"<<mssg<<" (retry): ";
        std::cin >>value;
    }

    return value;
}

bool Game::won()
{
    for(auto _ship : GameBoard::_Map)
    {
        if(!_ship.isHit())
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}

char Game::proceed()
{
    char c;
    std::cout<<"\nEnter q to quit, any other key to continue... ";
    std::cin >> c;
    std::cout<<"\n\n";

    return c;
}

void Game::printHit(char type)
{
    switch(type)
    {
    case 'B':
        std::cout<<"your hit a Battleship\n";
        break;
    case 'C':
        std::cout<<"you destroyed a Cruiser\n";
        break;
    case 'E':
        std::cout<<"you blew up a Carrier\n";
        break;
    case 'D':
        std::cout<<"you sunk a destroyer\n";
        break;
    case 'S':
        std::cout<<"you destroyed a submarine\n";
        break;
    default :
        std::cout<<"you missed\n";
        break;
    }

}

void Game::run()
{
    std::cout << "Game begins: \n";
    std::cout<<"\n-------------------------------------------------\n";
    std::cout<<"B = Battleship    C = Cruiser   E = Carrier\n";
    std::cout<<"D = Destroyer     S = Submarine\n";
    std::cout<<"\n-------------------------------------------------\n\n";

    boardDraw();

    int rounds = 25;///can change this
    bool _won   = false;

    while(rounds--)
    {
        int row = getInput(1,_MaxSize,"Enter row");
        int col = getInput(1,_MaxSize,"Enter col");
        std::cout<<"\n******************************************\n";

        Vessel pos(row-1,col-1);
        Vessel& ship = VesselInMap(pos);

        if(ship != NullVessel)
            ship.setHit();

        printHit(ship.getType());
        boardDraw();

        if(won())
        {
            _won = true;
            break;
        }

        char cont = proceed();
        if(cont == 'q' || cont == 'Q')
            break;
    }

    if(_won)
    {
        std::cout<<"\n!!!!!!!!!You WON!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\n";
        std::cout<<"\n!!!!!!!!!medal recieved!!!!!!!!!!!\n";
    }

    else
    {
        std::cout<<"\n!!!Arrrrrrrgh you lost the game!!!!!!!\n";
        std::cout<<"\n!!!retry later for your luck!!!!!!!!!!\n";
    }
}
Last edited on
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