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// INCLUDE THE BASIC WINDOWS HEADER FILES AND THE DIRECT3D HEADER FILES
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <d3d11.h>
#include <d3dx11.h>
#include <d3dx10.h>
// INCLUDE THE DIRECT3D LIBRARY FILES
#pragma comment (lib, "d3d11.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx11.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx10.lib")
// GLOBAL DECLARATIONS
IDXGISwapChain *swapchain; // THE POINTER TO THE SWAP CHAIN INTERFACE
ID3D11Device *dev; // THE POINTER TO THE DIRECT3D DEVICE INTERFACE
ID3D11DeviceContext *devcon; // THE POINTER TO OUR DIRECT3D DEVICE CONTEXT
ID3D11RenderTargetView *backbuffer; // THE POINTER TO OUR BACK BUFFER
// FUNCTION PROTOTYPES
void InitD3D(HWND hWnd); // SETS UP AND INITIALIZES DIRECT3D
void RenderFrame(void); // RENDERS A SINGLE FRAME
void CleanD3D(void); // CLOSES DIRECT3D AND RELEASES MEMORY
// THE WINDOWPROC FUNCTION PROTOTYPE
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
// THE ENTRY POINT FOR ANY WINDOWS PROGRAM
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
WNDCLASSEX wc;
ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW;
wc.lpszClassName = "WindowClass";
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
RECT wr = { 0, 0, 800, 600 };
AdjustWindowRect(&wr, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,
"WindowClass",
"Our First Direct3D Program",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
300,
300,
wr.right - wr.left,
wr.bottom - wr.top,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
// SET UP AND INITIALIZE DIRECT3D
InitD3D(hWnd);
// ENTER THE MAIN LOOP::
MSG msg;
while (TRUE)
{
if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
break;
}
RenderFrame();
}
// CLEAN UP DIRECTX AND COM
CleanD3D();
return msg.wParam;
}
// THIS IS THE MAIN MESSAGE HANDLER FOR THE PROGRAM
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
} break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
// THIS FUNCTION INITIALIZES AND PREPARES DIRECT3D FOR USE
void InitD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
// CREATE A STRUCT TO HOLD INFO ABOUT THE SWAP CHAIN
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC scd;
// CLEAR OUT THE STRUCT FOR USE
ZeroMemory(&scd, sizeof(DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC));
// FILL THE SWAP CHAIN DESCRIPTION STRUCT
scd.BufferCount = 1; // ONE BACK BUFFER
scd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM; // USE 32 BIT COLOR
scd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT; // HOW SWAP CHAIN IS TO BE USED
scd.OutputWindow = hWnd; // THE WINDOW TO BE USED
scd.SampleDesc.Count = 1; // HOW MANY MULTI SAMPLES
scd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; // MULTI SAMPLE QUALITY LEVEL
scd.Windowed = TRUE; // TRUE FOR WINDOWED MODE
// CREATE A DEVICE, DEVICE CONTEXT AND SWAP CHAIN USING THE INFO IN THE SCD STRUCT
D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
&scd,
&swapchain,
&dev,
NULL,
&devcon);
// GET THE ADDRESS OF THE BACK BUFFER
ID3D11Texture2D *pBackBuffer;
swapchain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), (LPVOID*)&pBackBuffer);
// USE THE BACK BUFFER ADDRESS TO CREATE A RENDER TARGET
dev->CreateRenderTargetView(pBackBuffer, NULL, &backbuffer);
pBackBuffer->Release();
// SET THE RENDER TARGET AS THE BACK BUFFER
devcon->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &backbuffer, NULL);
// SET THE VIEWPORT
D3D11_VIEWPORT viewport;
ZeroMemory(&viewport, sizeof(D3D11_VIEWPORT));
viewport.TopLeftX = 0;
viewport.TopLeftY = 0;
viewport.Width = 800;
viewport.Height = 600;
devcon->RSSetViewports(1, &viewport);
}
// THIS IS THE FUNCTION USED TO RENDER A SINGLE FRAME
void RenderFrame(void)
{
// CLEAR THE BACK BUFFER TO A DEEP BLUE
devcon->ClearRenderTargetView(backbuffer, D3DXCOLOR(0.1f, 0.2f, 0.4f, 1.0f));
// DO 3D RENDERING FOR THE BACK BUFFER HERE
// SWITCH THE BACK BUFFER AND THE FRONT BUFFER
swapchain->Present(0, 0);
}
// THIS IS THE FUNCTION THAT CLEANS UP DIRECT3D AND COM
void CleanD3D(void)
{
// CLOSE AND RELEASE ALL EXSISTING COM OBJECTS
swapchain->Release();
backbuffer->Release();
dev->Release();
devcon->Release();
}
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