Trying to limit input to int type

[digital3ds]

[updated with new question @ post 13] Hello everyone

I'm sure you've all seen this before, but I can't find the solution to my problem.

I don't want any values accepted if they're not within 1 and 100. My problem is that if I enter ffadafdfghf55asdfasdf (or w/e), 55 is entered into the int and the loop becomes true.

I searched the nets which led me here, and to where I've found part of the solution below, however, I get the above stated problem

How do I make it so ONLY a number from 1 to 100 is accepted, and not something like dfg66, or the like?

The book I'm learning from doesn't cover this, and I know there has to be a solution! I'd like to not be able to break my own code!

Thank you for any help and/or insight as to whats happening

 #include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{

	cout << "Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: ";
	unsigned short playerNumber;
	
	cin >> playerNumber;
	while(!(cin >> playerNumber) || playerNumber < 1 || playerNumber > 100)
	{
		cin.clear();
		cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
		cout << "Invalid input.  Try again: ";
	}
	
	return 0;
}

[abhishekm71]

One way is to read the input as a string and then parse it character-wise. I'm not sure whether stringstream will work as desired by you but that is another option you can research.

[cire]

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

#include <functional> #include <sstream> #include <string> #include <iostream> using namespace std; template <typename T> T get(const std::string& prompt, std::function<bool(const T&)> validate) { T result; bool notDone = true; while (notDone) { std::cout << prompt ; std::string line; std::getline(std::cin, line); std::istringstream is(line); char dummy; if (!(is >> result) || (is >> std::ws && is.get(dummy)) || !validate(result)) std::cout << "Invalid input. Try again!\n"; else notDone = false ; } return result; } int main() { typedef unsigned short num_type; num_type playerNumber = get<num_type>("Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: ", [](const num_type& val) { return val > 0 && val < 101; }); std::cout << playerNumber << '\n'; }

Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: 0 Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: 101 Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: f Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: 99f Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: 99 f Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: f 99 Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: f9f9 Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: q Invalid input. Try again! Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: 50 50

[digital3ds]

your output looks very perfect. thank you cire, I will try to learn from your code

[abhishekm71]

@cire
Wow! can you please explain the following part?

(is >> std::ws && is.get(dummy))

I guess you are checking whether 'is' has a character in it. But why the whitespaces? Does the input 'return' stay inside the istringstream?

[28poGNh0]

also @cire is function a part of std?

[cire]

Abhishekm71 wrote:

Wow! can you please explain the following part?

(is >> std::ws && is.get(dummy))

I wanted the operation to succeed if someone entered whitespace after a legitimate number (input: "50 \n" for example.)

is >> std::ws simply removes any leading whitespace from the stream. Then if is.get(dummy) is successful (meaning there was more input to be extracted from the string other than whitespace) the expression evaluates to true.

So, the following would cause that condition to evaluate to true:
"50 f\n"

"50\t5\n"

While the these would be fine:
"50 \n"

"50\t\n"

"50\n"

Techo01 wrote:

also @cire is function a part of std?

As of C++11, yes.
http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/functional/function

[28poGNh0]

why my code blocks does not recongnize it? Do I need to update it?

also for c++11 ,is this some other standarazation of c++?

[abhishekm71]

How does the expression evaluate to true for an input of 99f as you showed? It does not have any leading whitespaces so is>> std:ws should evaluate to false and the second conditioned wouldn't be checked... what am I missing?

[cire]

Techno01 wrote:

why my code blocks does not recongnize it? Do I need to update it?

http://s17.postimg.org/l9nhiir3j/Code_Blocks_Compiler_Settings.png

[28poGNh0]

Thanks chief

[cire]

abhishekm71 wrote:

How does the expression evaluate to true for an input of 99f as you showed? It does not have any leading whitespaces so is>> std:ws should evaluate to false and the second conditioned wouldn't be checked... what am I missing?

Like most extraction functions, an operation that doesn't put the stream into a failure state will be considered a success. Whether there is or isn't whitespace in the buffer, the operation will never put the input stream into a failure state so that portion of the expression will always evaluate to true. We could've used the comma operator there instead of && and we wouldn't have changed the semantics.

http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/ws

[abhishekm71]

Ok... thanx cire!

[digital3ds]

**********

I have another bit of code that doesn't seem to be working the way I imagine it should

cout << "Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: ";
	cin >> playerNum;

	do
	{
		
		cout << "Is your number higher or lower than " << cpuNum << "? ";
		cin >> input;

		if(input == "higher")
		{
			max = 100;
			min = cpuNum;
			cpuNum = rand() % (min + 1) + (max - min);
		}

assume that someone enters '100' and the computers first choice is '50'

if the person continues to input 'higher', then shouldn't this bit of code keep the cpuNum moving upwards towards 100? it often drops down into the 20's...

as you can probably tell I'm new to this, lol, but the above code seems like it should continuously be an increasingly larger random number.

I know % gives you the remainder from division, normally, but is it overloaded in the rand()? When I see rand() % a + b, I read it as 'give me a random number between a and b'... is this correct?

[28poGNh0]

# include <iostream>
# include <cstring>
# include <cstdio>
# include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
    char input[20];

    int max=100,min=1,cpuNum = 0,playerNum = 0;

    cout << "Enter a number between 1 and 100 and I will guess it: ";
	cin >> playerNum;

    cin.get();

    cpuNum = rand()%100;

	while(playerNum>0&&playerNum<=100)
	{
		cout << "You number is : " << playerNum << endl;
		cout << "The cpu number is : " << cpuNum << endl;

		gets(input);

        if(!strcmp(input,"higher")&&max!=min)
        {
            max = playerNum;
            min = cpuNum;

			cpuNum = rand() % (max - min) + (min + 1);
			cout << cpuNum << endl;
        }else cout << "Input higher or lower" << endl;

	}cout << "End of program" << endl;

    return 0;
}

hope that helps

[digital3ds]

so, is

cpuNum = rand() % (max - min) + (min + 1);

whats increasing the random number? did I just have mine reversed?

cpuNum = rand() % (min + 1) + (max - min);

[28poGNh0]

Yes that one is reversed
also max should equal playerNumber because you always seek this number right?

[digital3ds]

Yes that one is reversed

haha, well, i know that... i guess my question was more of a "is that all that was wrong" type of question.

so is this % overloaded for rand()? i guess I don't see whats happening if its not

what im trying to do is make the computer guess the users number, so, from 1 to 100. if the user says 'higher', the computer will guess a random number between its lowest guess and its highest guess

same thing should happen if the user enters 'lower', the computer will guess random numbers between numbers that it has already guessed

I think im trying to make these "end of chapter" tests harder than the author meant for them to be

thanks for the help

[digital3ds]

also max should equal playerNumber because you always seek this number right?

initially max should be 100

after the user enters 'lower', however, max should change to whatever the last random number was... thats the way ive been looking at it, still not sure

[IWishIKnew]

Here is a nice conversion function I wrote. It's primitive compared to cire's, but it is good for doing stuff like comparisons, etc... I suppose. I use it a lot.

template<class type1, class type2>
type2 conv(const type1& t1)
{
    type2 t2;
    stringstream ss;
    ss<< t1;
    ss>> t2;
    return t2;
}

This erases a lot of bariers for me.

so, mabey a short example:

(psuedo code)

void correct_ans()
{
    cout<< "Correct!"<< endl;
}

void wrong_ans()
{
    cout<< "Wrong..."<< endl;
}

int main()
{
    getline(cin, line);

    // for those who don't know this line: ((bool) ? (condition: bool is true) : (condition: else))
    ((conv<string, int>(line) == 5) ? correct_ans() : wrong_ans());
    
    //so if you entered 5, it will say "correct", otherwise it will say you got it wrong.
    // just a nice little example.
    return 0;
}

It has worked in all of my code so far. If there is somthing you find wrong with it, feel free to tell me and I will fix it.